一，本期目标：
[~@localhost t2]$ cat README
this is README
├── CMakeLists.txt├── COPYRIGHT├── doc│ └── hello.txt├── README├── runhello.sh├── run.sh└── src ├── CMakeLists.txt └── main.cppsrc/存放工程源代码doc/存放工程文档COPYRIGHT 工程版权信息README 工程说明信息runhello.sh 工程调用脚本hello二进制与runhello.sh 安装到/<prefix>/bindoc/目录中的hello.txt以及COPYRIGHT,README安装到/<prefix>/share/doc/cmake/t2二，t2工程相关辅助文件：[~@localhost t2]$ cat COPYRIGHT this is COPYRIGHT[~@localhost t2]$ cat doc/hello.txt this is hello.txt[~@localhost t2]$ cat runhello.sh [~@localhost t2]$ cat run.sh [~@localhost t2]$ cat src/main.cpp #include <stdio.h>int main(){ printf("Hello World from t2 Main!\n"); return 0;}三，t2工程相关CMake文件[~@localhost t2]$ cat src/CMakeLists.txt
PROJECT(hello)#标识此目录下的工程文件将会生成可执行二进制ADD_EXECUTABLE(${PROJECT_NAME} main.cpp) #设置最终文件的输出目录#只是用于最终生成文件#且此处目录指的是：当前CMakeLists.txt所在目录在编译路径同级目录下再创建子目录bin#（可依据情况是否选择此功能）#SET(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin)#设置最终文件的安装目录INSTALL(TARGETS ${PROJECT_NAME} DESTINATION bin)[~@localhost t2]$ cat CMakeLists.txt
#测试方法#在t2/build目录下，执行"cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=//home/TOM/tmp .."cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.6)PROJECT(HELLO)#COMMAND: ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(source_dir [binary_dir] [EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL])#定义：向当前工程添加存放源文件的子目录, 同时可以指定中间二进制和目标二进制存放的位置# EXCLUDE_FROM_ALL：将这个目录从编译过程中排除，# 比如工程的example，可能就需要工程构建完成后，再进入example目录单独进行构建; 当然，你也可以通过定义依赖来解决此类问题# 举例：ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(src bin)# 将src子目录加入工程，并指定编译输出（包含编译中间结果）路径为bin目录。# 如果不指定，编译结果(包括中间结果)都将存放在build/src目录（这个目录与原有的src目录对应），# 指定bin目录后，相当于在编译时将src重命名为bin，所有编译结果都放在bin目录。# ADD_SUBDIRECTORY(src bin)#附：#1)换个地方保存目标二进制# 不论是SUBDIRS还是ADD_SUBDIRECTORY，我们都可以通过SET重新定义EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH和# LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH变量来指定最终的目标二进制的位置（指最终生成的hello或者最终的共享库，不含编译生成的是间文件）# SET(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/bin)# //只是用于最终生成文件# //且此处目录指的是：当前CMakeLists.txt所在目录在编译路径同级目录下再创建子目录bin# SET(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_BINARY_DIR}/lib)#备注：# Q: 把上面两个指令放在哪里? # A: 在哪里ADD_EXECUTABLE或ADD_LIBRARY, 如果需要改变目标存放路径，就在那里使用这两个指令，这个例子当然指的是src下面的CMakeLists.txt#3)如何安装# 一般情况下会用到指令(INSTALL)和变量(CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX)#COMMAND: INSTALL:#定义：用于定义安装规则。 包括多种类型：有目标二进制，动态库，静态库，文件，目录和脚本等等#3.1)目标文件的安装# INSTALL(TARGETS targets...# [ [ARCHIVE | LIBRARY |RUNTIME] # [DESTINATION <dir>]# [PERMISSIONS permissions ...]# [CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]# [COMPONENT <component>]# [OPTIONAL]# ] [...])# 说明：TARGETS:# 后面跟的就是我们通过ADD_EXECUTABLE或ADD_LIBRARY定义的目标文件，# 可能是：可执行二进制(RUNTIME)，动态库(LIBRARY)，静态库(ARCHIVE)# DESTINATION:# 定义安装的路径，${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/<DESTINATION定义的路径># 如果DESTINATION以"/"开头，则指绝对路径,此时CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX无效# 如果希望使用CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX来定义安装路径，就要写成相对路径，不以/开头# # 例子：INSTALL(TARGETS myrun mylib mystaticlib# RUNTIME DESTINATION bin# LIBRARY DESTINATION lib# ARCHIVE DESTINATION libstatic# )# 解释：可执行二进制myrun安装到${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/bin目录# 动态库mylib安装到${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/lib目录# 静态库mystaticlib安装到${CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX}/libstatic目录# (注：不需要关心TARGETS具体生成的路径，只要写上TARGETS名称就可以了)#3.2)非目标文件的可执行程序安装（比如脚本这类）# INSTALL(PROGRAMS files...# DESTINATION <dir># [以下参数与FILES相同，但默认权限是755])#3.3)普通文件的安装# INSTALL(FILES file...# DESTINATION <dir># [PERMISSIONS permissions...]# [CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]# [COMPONENT <component>]# [RENAME <name>] [OPTIONAL])# 说明：用一安装一般文件，并可以指定访问权限，文件名是此指令所在路径下的树路径，默认权限644#3.4)目录的安装# INSTALL(DIRECTORY dirs...# DESTINATION <dir># [FILE_PERMISSIONS permissions...]# [DIRECTORY_PERMISSIONS permisssions...]# [USE_SOURCE_PERMISSIONS]# [CONFIGURATIONS [Debug|Release|...]]# [COMPONENT <component>]# [ [PATTERN <pattern> | REGEX <regex>] [EXCLUDE] [PERMISSIONS permissions...]]# [...] ]# 说明：这里主要介绍DIRECTORY,PATTERN,PERMISSIONS参数# DIRECTORY: 后面接的是所在Source目录的相对路径，但要注意abc 和 abc/区别很大# 前者的目录将被安装为目标路径下的abc，后者目录下的内容会被安装到目标路径下（不包含目录本身）# PATTERN: 用于正则静态式过滤# PERMISSIONS: 用于指定PATTERN过滤后的文件权限# 例子：INSTALL(DIRECTORY icons scripts/ # DESTINATION share/myproj# PATTERN "CVS" EXCLUDE # PATTERN "scripts/*"# PERMISSIONS OWNER_EXECUTE OWNER_WRITE OWNER_READ GROUP_EXECUTE GROUP_READ)# 解释：将icons目录安装到<prefix>/share/myproj# 将scripts/中的内容安装到<prefix>/share/myproj,# 不包含目录名为CVS的目录，对于scripts/*文件指定权限为:OWNER_EXECUTE ......##3.5) 安装CMAKE脚本的执行# INSTALL([[SCRIPT <file>] [CODE <code>] ] [...])# SCRIPT：用于在安装时调用cmake脚本文件（也就是<abc>.cmake文件）# CODE: 用于执行CMAKE命令，必须以双引号括起来，比如：# INSTALL(CODE "MESSAGE(\"Sample install message.\")")# #安装指令INSTALL(FILES COPYRIGHT README DESTINATION share/doc/cmake/t2)INSTALL(PROGRAMS runhello.sh run.sh DESTINATION bin)INSTALL(DIRECTORY doc/ DESTINATION share/doc/cmake/t2)四，运行结果[sun@localhost build]$ cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=./myproj ..
-- The C compiler identification is GNU-- The CXX compiler identification is GNU-- Check for working C compiler: /opt/gcc/bin/gcc-- Check for working C compiler: /opt/gcc/bin/gcc -- works-- Detecting C compiler ABI info-- Detecting C compiler ABI info - done-- Check for working CXX compiler: /opt/gcc/bin/c++-- Check for working CXX compiler: /opt/gcc/bin/c++ -- works-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info-- Detecting CXX compiler ABI info - done-- Configuring done-- Generating done-- Build files have been written to: /home/sun/program/cmake_practice/t2/build[sun@localhost build]$ make Scanning dependencies of target hello[100%] Building CXX object src/CMakeFiles/hello.dir/main.cpp.oLinking CXX executable hello[100%] Built target hello[sun@localhost build]$ make install[100%] Built target helloInstall the project...-- Install configuration: ""-- Installing: /home/sun/program/cmake_practice/t2/build/myproj/share/doc/cmake/t2/COPYRIGHT-- Installing: /home/sun/program/cmake_practice/t2/build/myproj/share/doc/cmake/t2/README-- Installing: /home/sun/program/cmake_practice/t2/build/myproj/bin/runhello.sh-- Installing: /home/sun/program/cmake_practice/t2/build/myproj/bin/run.sh-- Installing: /home/sun/program/cmake_practice/t2/build/myproj/share/doc/cmake/t2-- Installing: /home/sun/program/cmake_practice/t2/build/myproj/share/doc/cmake/t2/hello.txt-- Installing: /home/sun/program/cmake_practice/t2/build/myproj/bin/hello[sun@localhost build]$ tree myproj/myproj/├── bin│ ├── hello│ ├── runhello.sh│ └── run.sh└── share └── doc └── cmake └── t2 ├── COPYRIGHT ├── hello.txt └── README5 directories, 6 files